The biography of daniel rutherford
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Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Rutherford, Daniel
RUTHERFORD, DANIEL (1749–1819), physician and botanist, born at Edinburgh on 3 Nov.
1749, was son of Dr. John Rutherford (1695–1779) [q.
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v.], by his second wife, Anne, born Mackay. Educated at first at home, he was sent, when seven years old, to the school of a Mr. Mundell, afterwards to an academy in England, and thence to the university of Edinburgh, where, after graduating M.A., he entered on his medical studies.
He studied under William Cullen [q. v.] and Joseph Black [q. v.], and obtained his diploma as M.D. 12 Sept. 1772, his inaugural dissertation being ‘De aere fixo dicto aut Mephitico.’ This tract owes its importance to the distinction, clearly established in it, between carbonic acid gas and nitrogen [see Priestley, Joseph].
It opens with an account of the work of Black and of Henry Cavendish [q.
The biography of daniel rutherford
v.] on ‘fixed’ or ‘mephitic air’ (carbonic acid). Rutherford proceeds to point out (p. 17) that ‘by mean